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Philosophical Dictionary

  • Nietzsche philosophy illustration showing modern person on smartphone walking tightrope over abyss between animal figures and Übermensch, representing Thus Spoke Zarathustra rope metaphor and self-optimization critique

    Nietzsche vs Self-Optimization: Why He'd Hate Your Routine

    By Markus Uehleke

    Discover why Nietzsche would hate modern self-help culture. Learn the real meaning of the Übermensch, the Last Man, and "what doesn't kill you makes you stronger." Explore how we've turned radical philosophy into comfortable Instagram quotes and why that proves Nietzsche's point about cultural decline.
  • Greek temple ruins next to Christian church illustrating Plato's philosophical influence on early Christianity and fusion of Greek and Christian thought

    How Plato Accidentally Became Christianity's Philosophical Godfather

    By Markus Uehleke

    Discover how Plato, a pagan philosopher who died 400 years before Christ, became Christianity's unlikely intellectual godfather. Learn how Church Fathers like Justin Martyr, Origen, and Augustine used Greek philosophy to shape Christian theology, creating a synthesis that still defines modern Christianity today.
  • A number of fishing hooks puncturing red cards with angry titles and tags for each with the words: RAGE BAIT. Small people latch onto these cards.

    Don’t Take the (Rage) Bait: Bad Faith Online Arguments and Their Historical Roots

    By Caroline Black

    Let's discuss rage bait by way of ancient Greek philosophy. Join us as we discuss rhetoric and logic, and how they both play a part in taking apart your most annoying online content.
  • Simone de Beauvoir and Jean-Paul Sartre having philosophical discussion at Les Deux Magots café in Paris, 1940s existentialist intellectuals with books and coffee, feminist philosophy setting

    Objectification: Simone de Beauvoir's Feminist Idea

    By Caroline Black

    We discuss Simone de Beauvoir's concept of objectification, its relationship to feminism, and what we learn from it in philosophy as a whole.
  • Descartes practicing methodical doubt in his study, throwing doubtful beliefs into barrel labeled "Doubtful Beliefs" while discovering Cogito ergo sum (I think therefore I am) certainty

    Cartesian Doubt Explained: How Descartes' Radical Skepticism Changed Philosophy Forever

    By Markus Uehleke

    Discover Descartes' method of doubt: the radical skepticism that challenged dogmatism and changed philosophy forever. Learn how questioning everything led to "I think, therefore I am" and why this 17th-century method remains essential for critical thinking in our age of misinformation and fake news.
  • Vintage illustration of Santa Claus with an exaggerated wide grin showing teeth, wearing his traditional red suit and fluffy white-trimmed hat. His expression appears somewhat manic or unsettling, with wide eyes and a forced smile.

    We Are the Meme: Karl Marx Is Not Santa

    By Caroline Black

    In this post, we discuss some valid criticisms of Marxist communism, from within the writings themselves, as well as in the living text that is history. How can you reconcile the violence of the Manifesto and the bigger communist countries with a gentler worldview?